The cold rainy season is here once again and with it comes colds and flu. This season is often associated with increased incidences of infections especially lower and upper respiratory tract.

Infections are thought to increase during this time due to the fact that people spend more time indoors with closed doors and windows enhancing spread of infection. During the cold season, it gets darker earlier and there is limited exposure to sunlight. Lack of sunlight exposure reduces the levels of hormone serotonin responsible for mood boosting which can lead to depression. Depression can weaken immunity and consequently increase the risk of infections. Reduced exposure to sunlight can cause vitamin D deficiency which is key in strengthening the body’s ability to fight infections. Colds and flu viruses are thought to better survive in cold climates.

Even though diet can’t solely prevent an infection, good nutrition is essential to the development and maintenance of a healthy and strong immune system which can help the body fight infections and minimize the duration and severity of an infection. Certain foods can decrease infection risk and others can help you recover better from an infection.

Vitamin C has anti bacterial and anti inflammatory properties that help the body fight infections. It also acts as an antioxidant to help cells against harmful compounds formed in response to viral and bacterial infections. To improve your vitamin C intake increase consumption of citrus fruits like oranges, tangerines, guavas and passion fruits, green leafy vegetables, brocollli and tomatoes.

Ginger contains a substance known as gingerol, a substance that can help inhibit the growth of infection causing bacteria. Ginger promotes sweating which warms the body and provides relief during the cold season.

Probiotic are good bacteria found in the gut and stimulate the immune system.  Probiotic rich foods like maziwa lala, kefir and yoghurt add to these bacteria and helps maintain the health of the gut reducing the risk of colds and flu.

During the cold season, the body works harder and uses more energy to try and keep warm. Nuts and seeds like macadamia nuts, ground nuts, cashew nuts, pumpkin seeds and simsim are a good source of energy and fiber to fuel the body in between meals. They are also rich in selenium, copper, zinc, vitamin E and good fats which are essential in strengthening the body’s ability to fight infections.